Lagrange, Joseph Louis
(b. Turin, Italy, 25 January ; d Paris, France, 10 April )
mechanics, celestial mecahanics, astronomy, mathematics.
Lagrange’s life divides very naturally into three periods. The first comprises the years spent in his native Turin (–). The second is that of his work at the Berlin Academy, between and The thirds finds him in Paris, from until his death in
The first two periods were the most fruitful in terms of scientific activity, which began as early as with the discovery of the calculus of variations and continued with the application of the latter to mechanics in He also worked in celestial mechanics in this first period, stimulated by the competitions held by the Paris Academy of Sciences in and
The Berlin period was productive in mechanics as well as in differential and integral calculus. Yet during that time Lagrange distinguished himself primarily in the numerical and algebraic solution of equations, and even more in the theory of numbers.
Lagrange’s years in Paris were dedicated to didactic writings and to the composition of the great treatises summarizing his mathematical conceptions. These treatise, while closing the age of eightee
Biografia de Joseph Louis Lagrange, matemático
Joseph Louis Lagrange () é considerado um dos maiores matemáticos da história. Nascido na Itália, ele fez sua casa na França antes, durante e depois da Revolução Francesa . Suas contribuições mais importantes para a matemática moderna relacionadas à teoria dos números e mecânica celeste e mecânica analítica; seu livro de "Mecânica Analítica" é a base para todo o trabalho posterior no campo.
Fatos rápidos: Joseph-Louis Lagrange
- Conhecido por : Principais contribuições para a matemática
- Também conhecido como : Giuseppe Lodovico Lagrangia
- Nascimento : 25 de janeiro de em Turim, Piemonte-Sardenha (atual Itália)
- Pais : Giuseppe Francesco Lodovico Lagrangia, Maria Teresa Grosso
- Falecimento : 10 de abril de em Paris, França
- Educação : Universidade de Turim
- Obras Publicadas : Carta a Giulio Carlo da Fagnano, Mecânica Analítica, Miscelânea de Filosofia e Matemática, Mélanges de Philosophie et de Mathématique, Essai sur le Problème des Trois Corps
- Prêmios e Honras : Membro da Academia de Berlim, Membro da Sociedade Real de Edimburgo, membro estrangeiro da Real Academia Sueca de Ciências, Grande Oficial
Joseph-Louis Lagrange, (January 25, – April 10, ) was an Italian who made major contributions to mathematics and physics. One of the world's greatest mathematicians, his most important work, Mécanique Analytique (“Analytical Mechanics”), liberated the science of mechanics from geometry by expressing the laws of motion in a form that could be manipulated algebraically without recourse to diagrams. Lagrange is also credited with the invention of the calculus of variations, the employment of which led to some of his most important mathematical discoveries.
Biography
Early years
Lagrange was of French and Italian descent, and was baptized Giuseppe Lodovico Lagrangia five days after his birth in Turin (Sarton ). He was one of 11 children (only two of whom survived to adulthood) of Giuseppe Francesco Lodovico Lagrange, who was charged with the management of Kingdom of Sardinia's military treasury, and Maria Theresa Gros, the only daughter of a wealthy physician. Lagrange's father was of good social position and wealthy, but before his son grew up he had lost most of his property in speculations, and young Lagrange had to rely on his own abilities for his position
Biography
Joseph-Louis Lagrange is usually considered to be a French mathematician, but the Italian Encyclopaedia [40] refers to him as an Italian mathematician. They certainly have some justification in this claim since Lagrange was born in Turin and baptised in the name of Giuseppe Lodovico Lagrangia. Lagrange's father was Giuseppe Francesco Lodovico Lagrangia who was Treasurer of the Office of Public Works and Fortifications in Turin, while his mother Teresa Grosso was the only daughter of a medical doctor from Cambiano near Turin. Lagrange was the eldest of their 11 children but one of only two to live to adulthood.
Turin had been the capital of the duchy of Savoy, but became the capital of the kingdom of Sardinia in , sixteen years before Lagrange's birth. Lagrange's family had French connections on his father's side, his great-grandfather being a French cavalry captain who left France to work for the Duke of Savoy. Lagrange always leant towards his French ancestry, for as a youth he would sign himself Lodovico LaGrange or Luigi Lagrange, using the French form of his family name.
Despite the fact that Lagrange's father held a position of some importance in the serv
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