Scientist of the Day - Marc Isambard Brunel
Side view of digging of the Thames Tunnel in progress, with the tunnelling shield at right, Sketches of the Works for the Tunnel under the Thames, from Rotherhithe to Wapping, (Linda Hall Library)
Marc Isambard Brunel, a British mechanical and civil engineer, was born Apr. 25, Brunel was the father of Isambard Kingdom Brunel, who built the Great Western Railway and the steamships Great Western and Great Eastern, and since the son went by the name Isambard, we tend to call Marc Isambard “Marc Brunel,” although he too actually went by the name Isambard during his life.
Portrait of Marc Isambard Brunel, oil on canvas, by Samuel Drummond, ca , National Portrait Gallery, London ()
Marc Brunel is best known for designing, executing, and persevering with the Thames Tunnel, the first tunnel ever built under a navigable river. The tunnel is feet long and lies feet below the surface of the Thames River, and it took 18 years to complete, with work starting early in and the tunnel finally opening on Mar. 25,
Front cover, Sketches of the Works for the Tunnel under the Thames, from Rotherhithe to Wapping,
Like Father, Like Son
He’s likely the most famous engineer in history. In , a BBC poll named Isambard Kingdom Brunel the second greatest Briton of all time, second only to Winston Churchill. A key player in the Industrial Revolution, Brunel helped turn Britain into a global powerhouse. Under his guidance, railway tracks were laid across England and Wales at a phenomenal rate; gravity-defying bridges were built; and the first modern ships were engineered. With his trademark top hat and cigar, Brunel became an icon of Britain’s early Victorian age &#; a self-made man propelling his nation forward through sheer talent and entrepreneurial spirit alone.
Yet the life of Isambard Kingdom Brunel is more than just the tale of a plucky Brit leading the steam age. The child of a French refugee father, Brunel’s life was only made possible by the explosive events reshaping the continent. His early years were marked by war, and his father’s chronic struggle with debt. And yet his talent for engineering still allowed him to ride the wave of the industrial revolution to heights that have never been matched. The Elon Musk of his day, this is the story of both Brunel the man, and the technol
The Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the 18th century and was a time of reason and enlightenment, of ingenuity and progress, of whistling steam-powered engines and awe-inspiring iron structures. Modernity arrived with the groundbreaking ideas of visionaries who often swung between genius and madness, but in the end changed the world with their inventions. Ideas were bursting all around like fireworks and were not limited to the political and social landscape. They also brought about technological progress on a scale never seen before in the entire history of mankind. Iron bridges, tunnels, factories, trains, ships and other modern inventions quickly spread around the country.
Amongst those visionaries was the renowned engineer, Isambard Kingdom Brunel. Brunel was born in Portsmouth, Hampshire on 9 April to Sir Marc Isambard Brunel and Sophia Kingdom Brunel. His father, also a respected engineer, was originally from Normandy in France and emigrated to England in
Brunel’s education began in England, where he spent his first 14 years and was later sent to study in the most prestigious schools that Normandy and Paris had to offer. Upon his return to Britain, he quickl
Introduction
In the frontispiece of his book on Brunel, Peter Hay quotes from Nicholson's British Encyclopaedia of as follows:
Thus we are advised that engineers must not only be smart, they must also have nerve. By and large, engineers are a conservative lot. And let me hasten to add, this is only as it should be. In all engineering works, the safety of the public has to be uppermost, and engineers avoid taking unnecessary chances. But sometimes, the need to be sure gets in the way of the essential spark of engineering, the drive to innovate. Whatever else we may think of him, Isambard Kingdom Brunel had that visionary drive.
His father, Sir Marc Isambard Brunel (), was himself a famous engineer, of French parents. He eventually settled in Britain and married Sophia Kingdom, an English woman whom he had known in France in earlier days. Their only son Isambard was born on 9 April, He was sent to France at the age of 14 to study mathematics and science and was only 16 when he returned to England to work with his father. Sir Marc was then building his famous tunnel under the River Thames. Isambard was recuperating near Bristol from injuries received in a tunnel cave-in when he
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