George Robert Twelves Hewes, A Last Survivor of the Boston Tea Party
For many years after the Boston Tea Party, the identities of the men who participated remained a closely guarded secret. But time passed, and the people who threw the tea into Boston Harbor came out of obscurity. Here is the story of one of them, George Robert Twelves Hewes.
The Boston Tea Party
Tensions had been growing since as Britain imposed more taxes on the colonists. Although most taxes had been lifted by , the tea tax remained and Parliament bailed out the East India Company. In September, ships of East India Company tea sailed from London, bound for four American cities. In Boston, many of the merchants who had shops near Griffin’s Wharf began gathering in the Old South Meeting House to debate the tea tax. Many belonged to the Sons of Liberty, a radical political organization. On December 16th, the crowd rushed to the wharf. Some began throwing tea into the harbor, in what later became known as the Boston Tea Party. A detailed timeline of the tea party can be found here.
The Boston Tea Party
George Robert Twelves Hewes, the Shoemaker
One of the men who actively participated was George
Hewes, George Robert Twelves
(b. ; d. November 5, ) Source for two workingman's accounts of events during the American Revolution.
George Hewes was a poor shoemaker in Boston before the American Revolution, a sailor and militiaman during the war, and a poor farmer afterward. He was not a political leader, though he once set off a small riot. Instead, Hewes was a face in the crowd at the Boston Massacre and Boston Tea Party. In two books he left a man-on-the-street's view of America's break with Britain. Hewes's participation in the protest leading to the Revolutionary War and in the war itself changed his self-image from a subject restricted by class and custom to a citizen judged on his merits. In many ways, Hewes's personal transformation from subject to citizen reflected the larger change in American culture, society, and identity that were part of the American War for Independence.
Hewes was born into a family of tanners striving for gentility; his father held minor town offices, and he remembered his mother buying a slave. But the family fortunes declined after Hewes's father died in His own prospects were limited: he was a mediocre scholar and, at five feet one inch,
- University of Oklahoma Libraries Western History Collections Ralph
University of Oklahoma Libraries Western History Collections Ralph H. Records Collection Records, Ralph Hayden. Papers, – 2 feet. Professor. Magazine and journal articles (–) regarding historiography, along with a typewritten manuscript (–) by L. S. Records, entitled “The Recollections of a Cowboy of the Seventies and Eighties,” regarding the lives of cowboys and ranchers in frontier-era Kansas and in the Cherokee Strip of Oklahoma Territory, including a detailed account of Records’s participation in the land run of ___________________ Box 1 Folder 1: Beyond The American Revolutionary War, articles and excerpts from the following: Wilbur C. Abbott, Charles Francis Adams, Randolph Greenfields Adams, Charles M. Andrews, T. Jefferson Coolidge, Jr., Thomas Anburey, Clarence Walroth Alvord, C.E. Ayres, Robert E. Brown, Fred C. Bruhns, Charles A. Beard and Mary R. Beard, Benjamin Franklin, Carl Lotus Belcher, Henry Belcher, Adolph B. Benson, S.L. Blake, Charles Knowles Bolton, Catherine Drinker Bowen, Julian P. Boyd, Carl and Jessica Bridenbaugh, Sanborn C. Brown, William Hand Browne, Jane Bryce, Edmund C. Burnet
Hewes, George Robert Twelves ()
Source
Shoemaker
Origins . George Robert Twelves Hewes was the sixth of nine children, being the fourth of seven sons. His father, also named George, was a Massachusetts tanner who ended up in debtors&#x; prison at least twice. Hewes&#x;s father died young, and George was sent into apprenticeship as a shoemaker. Shoemaking was a poor man&#x;s trade and not a desirable way to start out in life, but Hewes had little choice. He was bound to a harsh master, ill fed and clothed and possessed a streak of lively mischief that earned him the occasional whipping.
Boston Youth . He and his fellow apprentices scavenged about the town of Boston, looking to beg or steal anything they could get to eat. Hewes played pranks on his master and drank and frolicked in the streets during public celebrations, along with the hundreds of servants, apprentices, laborers, and artisans of Boston. During the s and s, Pope&#x;s Day (5 November) was a particularly boisterous holiday. Young people formed into companies and paraded with effigies of the Pope, the Devil, and other hated figures, exacting treats and money from the wealthy of the town and brawling with ri
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